Source Of Profit Research Articles

An investigation of Inonotus obliquus in Estonia: Its distribution, abundance of conks, rot extent in infected trees, and peculiarities of basidiospore dispersal

Inonotus obliquus, a well-known forest fungal pathogen, started gaining attention for its potential medicinal uses. Known as Chaga, the fungus has become prominent due to the bioactive compounds present in its conks. Forest owners are cultivating it to produce conks as a source of non-timber profit. However, not much is known about the natural occurrence of this pathogen, its formation of conks, the extent of decay in the infected trees, and the distribution of its basidiospores. Across 80 forest stands in Estonia dominated by Betula pendula, B. pubescens, Alnus incana, and A. glutinosa, the conks of I. obliquus were documented in 17 stands. The conks were more common in continental Estonia compared to the western islands. Among 800 randomly chosen trees, I. obliquus conks were documented on ten trees. Additionally, an asymptomatic I. obliquus infection was detected in one tree. After two years of spore trapping, I. obliquus basidiospores were detected only on four occasions, between the end of July and the beginning of September, and only at night. The proportion of rot damage in the total volume of model tree wood ranged from 8.6% to 58.5%. For fast and reliable detection of I. obliquus, TaqMan species-specific qPCR primers were developed and tested.

The commodification of unaccompanied child migration: A double move of enclosure

In England, unaccompanied child migrants who seek asylum are the responsibility of the local state, who acts as their ‘corporate parent’. While these young people are ostensibly supported by children’s services in keeping with responsibilities under the Children’s Act 1989, in comparison to ‘local’ children unaccompanied children are disproportionately placed in unregulated, outsourced accommodation. Drawing on data from the Children Caring on the Move research project – including over 180 interviews with unaccompanied young people, frontline workers, accommodation owners and policy makers – I argue that this part of the care system can be understood as a double move of enclosure. First, I argue that claims about the unpredictability of arrivals of unaccompanied children are used as a rationale for the marketisation of children’s services, part of an enclosure of what was previously public. Second, I point to the enclosure, and commodification, of unaccompanied children themselves. They not only become a source of profit in this enclosed sector through their statuses as ‘child’ and ‘unaccompanied migrant’, but the limited forms of support provided in outsourced and unregulated provision make it more difficult for many to regularise their status before being subject to enforced destitution or deportability as non-citizen adults. The article contributes to efforts to theorise contemporary processes of enclosure in racial capitalism, adds to understandings of the UK’s ‘asylum market’ which to date has focused almost primarily on adult or family migrants, and sheds new light on causalities of care in the UK’s marketised and bordered children’s services.

Maksimisasi Keuntungan pada Usaha Hidroponik

Cultivating vegetables using the hydroponic method is essential in developing Indonesia's agricultural sector. Vegetables are a type of food that is consumed at any time, so there is always a stable demand all the time. The ever-increasing demand and awareness of the importance of nutritious food make hydroponics an attractive option. The potential for high demand for vegetables opens up many business opportunities to meet people's needs, including cultivating hydroponic vegetables. This research aims to analyze the actual profits of hydroponic businesses and the maximum profits they can generate. The research location is in Deedad Hidroponik, Tamalate District, Makassar City, from July to October 2023. Primary data was collected through interviews and direct observation of owners and employees, and secondary data was obtained from previous studies related to this research. Linear programming analysis via the Simplex Method is used to analyze Deedad Hidroponik's profit maximization. Profit analysis involves production costs, inputs, production results, and business revenues. The research results show that Deedad Hidroponikis can generate profits of IDR 6,980,492 from various types of vegetables. Deedad Hidroponik's source of profit comes from the production of 4 kinds of vegetables: lettuce, bok choy, kale, and spinach. Through a linear programming approach, Deedad Hidroponikwill achieve maximum profits if they plant vegetables with a combination of 625 planting holes for lettuce, 302 planting holes for bok choy, 257 planting holes for kale, and 260 planting holes for spinach; therefore, they could increase profits to IDR 7,496,783 with the potential increase of 7.38%. This shows that selecting vegetable types and resource allocation can be optimized to achieve maximum profits.

Assessment of Environmental and Economic-Financial Feasibility of Biogas Plants for Agricultural Waste Treatment

The use of individual biogas plants can be a means of solving many energy-environmental and financial-economic problems. The article aims to assess the prerequisites and consequences of using biogas plants at the macro and micro levels to search for opportunities to reduce the cost of their installation and make them more affordable for individual farms. The need for the use of biogas plants by farms is determined by the fact that these farms have a raw material base; the growing cost of energy resources pushes them to search for new sources of profit. At the micro level, the costs of biogas plants in the conditions of companies and individual farms in the Slovak Republic are evaluated. At the macro level, the aggravation of energy and agricultural problems and the need to transition to green technologies require a comprehensive approach to their solution. The article investigated the cost of purchasing and operating biogas plants based on a private company’s data. It assessed the cost of the construction of a biogas plant and more. The analysis of biogas plant operation results showed that its purchase and use by a farm can be financially unprofitable but bring significant benefits in the energy, environmental, and social dimensions.

Facilitators and barriers to community pharmacy PrEP delivery: a scoping review.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective medication to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV. PrEP is available free of charge in the UK from sexual health clinics. Expanding PrEP delivery to community pharmacies holds promise and aligns with UK government goals to eliminate new cases of HIV by 2030. The aim of this scoping review was to describe the existing evidence about the barriers to and facilitators of community pharmacy oral PrEP delivery, for pharmacists and pharmacy clients, as aligned with the Capacity Opportunity, Motivation Behaviour (COM-B) Model. Five bibliographic and five review databases were searched from inception to August 2023. Literature of any study design was included if it discussed barriers and facilitators of community pharmacy PrEP delivery. Trial registrations, protocols and news articles were excluded. A total of 649 records were identified, 73 full texts were reviewed and 56 met the inclusion criteria, predominantly from high-income/westernized settings. Most of the included literature was original research (55%), from the United States (77%) conducted during or after the year 2020 (63%). Barriers to PrEP delivery for pharmacists included lack of knowledge, training and skills (capability), not having the necessary facilities (opportunity), concern about the costs of PrEP and believing that PrEP use could lead to risk behaviours and sexually transmitted infections (motivation). Facilitators included staff training (capability), time, the right facilities (opportunity), believing PrEP could be a source of profit and could reduce new HIV acquisitions (motivation). For clients, barriers included a lack of PrEP awareness (capability), pharmacy facilities (opportunity) and not considering pharmacists as healthcare providers (motivation). Facilitators included awareness of PrEP and pharmacist's training to deliver it (capability), the accessibility of pharmacies (opportunity) and having an interest in PrEP (motivation). To effectively enhance oral PrEP delivery in UK community pharmacies, the identified barriers and facilitators should be explored for UK relevance, addressed and leveraged at the pharmacy team, client and care pathway level. By comprehensively considering all aspects of the COM-B framework, community pharmacies could become crucial providers in expanding PrEP accessibility, contributing significantly to HIV prevention efforts.

Asymmetric Information and Privatization of Health Care

In the 21st Century, knowledge is seen as a commercial meta. Via knowledge we obtain reputation and the power in everyday life, and, knowledge is a source of profit in the commercial life. Accessing information has become easier through, the mass media becoming widespread. However, in some complex products or services, superficial information may not be enough to differentiate effectively among the choices and make a good decision. Buyers and sellers should have the necessary knowledge about the goods on the market, the costs, the profit and the quality factors in order for the market to function effectively. Buyers and sellers should also have the same level of information so that health care could become a marketable service in a perfectly competitive market. This situation, which is known in health economics, will be examined through knowledge and asymmetric information issues within the scope of the study.

Safe as Houses: Financialization, Foreclosure, and Precarious Homeownership in the United States

The financialization of the U.S. economy has had important implications for household well-being, but the mechanisms connecting financialization and precarity have not been fully identified. This research identifies mortgage foreclosure as a nexus connecting macro-level financialization to an array of downstream consequences for homeowners and asks (1) how mortgage securitization, a key technology of financialization, enabled new foreclosure practices; and (2) how these practices affect housing precarity among homeowners at risk of foreclosure. To answer these questions, I analyze court records, interviews with key participants, and primary source documents to examine the evolution of mortgage foreclosure in Cook County, Illinois, from 1992 to 2006. I find that as mortgage securitization transformed the social and economic relations between borrowers and lenders, foreclosure became actively managed as both a driver of costs and a source of profits, and loan administrators and their attorneys worked to reduce costly borrower protections. These changes increased housing precarity by making foreclosure more frequent and more rapid.

DEVELOPMENT OF A BINARY CLASSIFICATION MODEL BASED ON SMALL DATA USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS

Today, solutions to the problem of binary classification using machine learning find applications in a huge number of spheres of life, such as medicine, energy, marketing, agriculture, financial analytics, etc. This is a great opportunity for companies to gain new sources of profit and improve existing processes. Therefore, new solution methods are being actively developed, existing ones are being improved, and research is being conducted on the possibility of using machine learning to solve classification problems in various fields. The study of the effectiveness of using various machine learning methods, taking into account the existing problems of small data in solving the problem of binary classification, is very relevant due to the significant preponderance of developments towards Big Data. For small data, possible problems that affect the effectiveness of the trained model have been identified, and various options for solving these problems have been proposed. To assess the impact of small data problems on the quality of the trained model, a comparative analysis of the quality metrics of models trained on different variations of data processing was carried out. It is concluded that correct work with small data requires timely elimination of such data defects as class imbalance, outliers, etc. In the course of the study, the most significant quality metrics were selected to obtain a model for analyzing medical parameters. A comparative analysis of diabetes detection models based on preprocessed small data has been carried out. For the task under consideration, the stacking model was chosen as the best option for medical use. The results of the analysis showed that machine learning is able to show high efficiency in solving real problems of binary classification.

COVID capitalism: The contested logistics of migrant labour supply chains in the double crisis

The introduction to the special issue (SI) lays out the agenda and key concepts of the SI ‘COVID Capitalism: The Contested Logistics of Migrant Labour Supply Chains in the Double Crisis’. The contributions to the SI focus on the reconfiguration of the means and methods of the exploitation of migrant labour during the COVID-19 pandemic and the related reorganisation of contemporary border and migration regimes. They all focus, more or less explicitly, on the adaptation and reorganisation of migrant labour supply chains which were disrupted through the ‘double crisis’ of public health and existing border and mobility regimes during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this way, the SI seeks to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of COVID-capitalism, understood as a form of disaster capitalism, in which fractions of capital try to turn the multiple crises implicated by the pandemic into a source of profit. If and how they succeed with these endeavours is, however, not guaranteed from the outset but an empirical question. The study of migrant labour supply chains does thus not only help to develop a more nuanced understanding of disaster capitalism but also contributes to debates on the logistification of migration management.

Reducing the Proportion of Single-source Procurement Management Application

Procurement plays a crucial role in modern enterprise management, where the level of procurement management has become a key component of the core competitive advantage for businesses. Enterprises need to tap into the third source of profit, which is the procurement cost of materials, and achieve the goal of increasing profits through procurement management and cost reduction. The article enumerates the reasons for the significant proportion of single-source procurement, emphasizing the theoretical basis and innovations introduced by the Materials Management Center. The establishment of a task force dedicated to addressing challenges in single-source procurement demonstrates the commitment to resolving issues in the procurement process. The article provides a detailed overview of the working methods employed by the Materials Management Center, with a special focus on compliance procurement. It describes the standardization of centralized review processes, overcoming difficulties associated with single-source procurement, and the implementation of annual plans and standardized specifications. Data reveals a consistent decline in the proportion of single-source procurement over the years, accompanied by a continuous increase in procurement efficiency and substantial savings in procurement funds.

Profit Model and Financial Analysis of Internet Medical Care: Taking JD Health as an Example

Purpose - Increasing health awareness and the rapid growth of Internet technology has aided the development of Internet medical treatment which can relieve the pressure on medical resources and improve the imbalance to some extent. Although the Internet medical industry is rapidly developing, many enterprises are non-profit making, despite growth in operating revenue. Therefore, exploring a profit model suitable for the development of Internet medical enterprises is crucial.
 Design/Methodology/Approach - Based on the theory of profit model elements and core competitiveness, we selected JD Health as the research object. By elaborating on the relationship between the profit model, financial analysis, and impact path of profit model components on financial data, we found that profitability problems exist in the model and proposed optimization suggestions.
 Findings - This study identified some problems in JD Health’s profit model: the overdependence of profit point on the pharmaceutical e-commerce business, the low stickiness of profit sources, and weak profit barriers. We proposed the following optimization suggestions: strengthen traditional businesses, improve and expand new businesses; optimize product quality and service to increase customer stickiness; continue to optimize profit leverage; and improve core competitiveness and strengthen profit barriers.
 Research Implications - This study provides new insights for studying the Internet medical industry and a theoretical reference for studying its profit model. Simultaneously, it can help peer companies find profit models that suit them and promote the steady development of the entire industry.

Управлінські стратегії розвитку бізнесу в умовах цифрової трансформації

Digital transformation, based on the latest technologies, is a strategic course for enterprises aimed at optimizing, expanding their customer base, and opening new sources of profit. The article examines cloud computing, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and data analytics as critical aspects of digital transformation, focusing on their impact on business. A study of the existing opportunities for attracting digital technologies to the agribusiness sector was carried out, with an understanding of the need to use the latter not only in the management sphere but also in the production sphere, based on the specifics of the industry. The article presents the results of the digital activity of individual companies that use digital technologies to increase efficiency and productivity. It is determined that examples of task automation, the use of GPS navigation systems for tractors, and field monitoring via unmanned aerial vehicles are just a few illustrative examples of digital transformation. Artificial intelligence is being used to analyze crop data, improve understanding of operations, and identify opportunities for improvement. Practical examples include introducing precision farming systems, which help increase productivity and resource efficiency. Logistics and warehouse management systems help optimize machinery use and inventory management. Digital transformation in agribusiness not only increases the competitiveness of enterprises but also provides new opportunities for operating on digital platforms. The article explores the importance of researching digital opportunities in the manufacturing sector to support the digitalization of agribusiness and increase its competitiveness. The article emphasizes the importance of digital transformation in the manufacturing sector, which can determine the success of the Ukrainian business industry in the context of rapid digital development. Keywords: digital transformation, digital adaptation, digital technologies, strategic management, data analytics, innovation, competitive development.

Clarification and Application of the Category Profit on Alienation

This article presents profit on alienation (POA) as one of the sources of profit in capitalist economies. In addition to identifying and situating POA among other profit flows, we have attempted to operationalize it in the real estate and finance sectors. In the empirical part of the article, we estimate POA in those sectors in Turkey for the period 2010–2019. The extent of estimated profits based on POA in those sectors is not insignificant. These findings confirm our position that utilizing POA in exploring capitalist dynamics would be a fruitful endeavor. JEL Classification: B3, B51, H27, G51

Reformation of Indonesian Insolvency Regulation on Execution of Cross-Border Assets Based on the European Union

The current possibility of hassle-free negotiations and transactions across countries allows international trade to be a significant source of profit for businesses in Indonesia. In the process, businesses are often exposed to risks of insolvency for being unable to repay debts. An insolvent debtor owning assets in other countries shifts the case to a cross-border insolvency case. As there is currently an absence of cross-border insolvency regulation in Indonesia, this paper therefore aims to reform Indonesian insolvency regulation through analyzing and applying learning points from the European Union’s success in managing cross-border insolvency. This paper identifies as legal normative research and is done through prescriptive analysis. The data used is secondary data obtained through a literature review, which includes primary and secondary sources. This paper uses the statute approach and will be analyzed qualitatively. Through the discussion, it is suggested that Indonesia adopt several relevant aspects of the EU regulation. To ease implementation, Indonesia should consider moving towards the reformation as a part of ASEAN. Alternatively, Indonesia can also independently engage in bilateral or multilateral treaties. To add on, Indonesia should advance from the idea of absolute territorialism or absolute universalism and instead seek to implement modified universalism in its cross-border insolvency regulation.
  
  

IS AN OIL PALM PLANTATION STILL A COMPETITIVE BUSINESS?

Despite a dramatic increase in the profitability of palm plantations since 2019, their valuation in the stock market remains depressed. The industry appears to be unable to escape a widespread feeling of terminal decline. Investors cite two major issues: the oil palm’s environmental record and difficulties finding workers amidst rising labour costs. This article examines both of these concerns. It finds that sustainability concerns today do not threaten the industry, but rather that they have become a source of additional profitability. The oil palm’s higher labour requirement, while very noticeable, is a structural issue which has traditionally been defrayed by higher yields. The central issue for the oil palm is not its higher labour requirements, but its relatively poor yield performance. Higher yielding plantations are significantly more profitable, yet listed plantations have underperformed the average in terms of their yield. As we demonstrate this is driven predominantly by a sharp decline among the bottom third of listed plantation companies. Keywords: Oil crops, yield comparison, agribusiness, ESG, company valuation, outlook for the plantation sector, oilseeds, labour

Self-Employment for Students: Realities and Prospects of Development in the Modern Economy

Relevance. The emergence of self-employment in the economic system of Russia undoubtedly has a significant role, as evidenced by the experiment of 2019. This experiment on the introduction of a tax on professional income has acquired special significance, showing a high increase in the number of taxpayers. The expansion of formal employment contributes to the development of entrepreneurship of small and medium-sized business entities, which in general gives impetus to the acceleration of socio-economic development of the regions of Russia. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the fact that everyone should fully know their own capabilities and rights to use resources as a source of profit. Thus, the article analyzes the process of forming the legal status of a self-employed citizen. The purpose of this work is to assess the issue of students acquiring self-employed status. Objectives: based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, to consider the concept of "selfemployed"; to reveal the advantages and disadvantages, privileges and opportunities of this status for students; to identify the essence and highlight the main distinctive components; to reveal the activities of self-employed students; to analyze the statistical data of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Methodology. In the process of studying the issue of acquiring the status of self-employed, methods of logical, comparative, statistical analysis, classification, generalization, theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, economic and statistical methods were used. The results of the study show that the growth of the self-employed does not decrease the pace. Although the status of self-employed has a large number of positive characteristics for students, however, many young people are not fully informed about the new tax regime. The conclusion based on the results of the study indicates that currently self-employment provides ample opportunities for those who want to try their hand at entrepreneurship. This is a great way to successfully monetize unique abilities, hobbies, invaluable experience and favorite hobbies.

Revisiting time series momentum in China's commodity futures market: Evidence on sources of momentum profits

Revisiting time series momentum in China's commodity futures market: Evidence on sources of momentum profits

The discursive construction of the role of public service broadcasting amid the rise of the Korean Wave

ABSTRACT This study examines how the sociocultural role of South Korean public broadcasting is affected by neoliberal cultural policies that situate the Korean Wave at the forefront. Drawing on Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis (CDA), this study examines 20 New Year’s addresses from two public broadcasters and two associated government institutions, identifying the discursive construction of public broadcasters’ roles during the tenures of five governments. In particular, the study illuminates how the neoliberal discursive construction of the media has increasingly reduced public broadcasters to mere economic entities, envisioning the media solely as a source of profit in a globalized media landscape. Providing empirical support, this research suggests that the social imaginary of the Korean Wave and its accompanying media policies have dwarfed the social roles of public broadcasters by linking culture to the nation’s supremacy and economic prosperity, thereby reinforcing neoliberal logic and beliefs against public values.

Features of internet marketing activities of companies of the agricultural sector

In this article, we have explored essential aspects of Internet marketing activities for enterprises in the agrarian sector. The implementation and development of Internet marketing in agrarian enterprises are among today's most relevant and crucial issues. Regardless of the field of activity, competitive position, and size, agricultural enterprises gain opportunities for accessing the global market, utilizing new tools and mean for promoting products and services in various markets and finding diverse ways to interact with the target audience, better satisfying its needs. Regarding Internet marketing utilization, the domestic agricultural sector must catch up to the American, Canadian, and European markets. Today, agricultural enterprises can be divided into two groups: (1) companies that have already begun to change under the influence of Internet technologies, using specific Internet marketing tools and technologies; (2) enterprises that need to start changing. The widespread penetration of the Internet into all aspects of life has changed the rules of human life and business conduct, including agriculture. Internet marketing in the agrarian sector is a source of profitability, a tool for promoting agricultural products and services in markets, and a technology for conducting agribusiness. We analyzed the Internet marketing activities of leading agro-holdings in the domestic market, namely Mironivsky Hliboproduct, Kernel, Nibulon, Agroprosperis, and Astarta Holding. We identified effective channels for attracting clients to websites and Internet technologies used by companies for functioning in the online environment. These channels and tools include Direct Referral, search engine optimization (SEO), and social media marketing (SMM). We established that company websites should be mobile-friendly since 19-70% of consumers browse websites from smartphones. In the article, we revealed important features of Internet marketing activities that agricultural enterprises need to consider to develop and successfully use its tools and technologies. We also identified the advantages and opportunities that agricultural enterprises gain from implementing Internet marketing. Critical advantages of Internet marketing for agricultural sector enterprises include precise targeting, analysis of activity results, personalized communication, and many others. Keywords: Internet marketing, Internet marketing activity, enterprise, agricultural holdings, agricultural sector, Internet technologies, features of Internet marketing.

Ensuring the Efficiency of Service, Technology, and Management Processes in the Hotel and Restaurant Business

In the face of war and a global pandemic, the hotel and restaurant industry in Ukraine has been compelled to adapt swiftly to unpredictable changes. This article assesses the efficiency of service, technological, and managerial processes within this sector, employing concepts from Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and customer experience, and operational efficiency. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate efficiency coefficients, focusing on factors like staff engagement, local sourcing, streamlined check-in processes, resource optimization, and dynamic pricing based on demand. The study highlights the shift toward flexible operational management and customer service modeling amidst uncertain conditions. Using the case of Ribas Hotels Group from 2012-2023, the article demonstrates strategies such as cost optimization and dynamic pricing, showcasing how CRM principles aid in building customer loyalty during turbulent times. The research provides valuable insights into the growth sources of gross operating profitability, emphasizing the practical significance of efficient processes in the Ukrainian hotel and restaurant business.